Purpose of this paper is to present how Schiller, Herder and Novalis address the question of emancipation. I will start setting out the specifically modern problems, which those thinkers confronted, characterized by the mechanistic metaphysics, the positive religion and the socio-political fragmentation; secondly, I will analyze the Kantian perspective on practical reason in its emancipating dimension, that is, as a critical negation of the conditioned nature of empirical world; finally, I will outline the main ideas of a philosophy of emancipation (...) in the theoretical work of Schiller, Herder and Novalis. (shrink)

Se trata de una reseña del libro de Belvedresi, Rosa, La filosofía de la historia hoy: preguntas y problemas, Rosario, Prohistoria Ediciones, 172 páginas. ARK: ark:/s18537960/vz0cdnohf.

Partiendo de la sugerencia hecha por Hegel a propósito del pensamiento de Novalis, vamos a tratar de esbozar las características generales de la concepción de la subjetividad que aparece en la obra filosófica de este autor. En primer lugar, mostraremos el contexto en que surge esta teoría de la subjetividad; en segundo lugar, abordaremos su relación con el problema del juicio; y finalmente, destacaremos algunos aspectos de la filosofía novalisiana derivados directamente de su concepción del sujeto, especialmente la cuestión del (...) arte, la religión y el destino del hombre en la historia. (shrink)

Este trabajo se encuadra dentro de una nueva visión de la lógica de Leibniz, la cual pretende mostrar que sus escritos fueron ricos no solamente en proyectos ambiciosos sino también en desarrollos lógico-matematicos concretos. Se demuestra que su “Caracteristica Numerica” que asigna pares de números a las proposiciones categóricas es una semántiea para la cual la silogística aristotélica es correcta y completa, y que el sistema algebraico presentado en Fundamentos de un Cálculo Lógico es una lógica algebraica similar a la (...) de Boole.This work is a contribution to a new view of Leibniz’s logic, pretending to show that his writings were not only rich in projects, but also in concrete logico-mathematical developments. We prove that his “Numerical Characteristic” assigning pairs of numbers to terms of categorical propositions, is a complete and correct semantics for aristotelian syllogistic, and the algebraic system presented in Fundamentals of Logical Calculus is essentially a complete version of boolean algebraic logic. (shrink)

We study the quantifier complexity and the relative strength of some fragments of arithmetic axiomatized by induction and minimization schemes for Δn+1 formulas.

In this paper we introduce a formalism for single-agent decision making that is based on Dynamic Argumentation Frameworks. The formalism can be used to justify a choice, which is based on the current situation the agent is involved. Taking advantage of the inference mechanism of the argumentation formalism, it is possible to consider preference relations, and conflicts among the available alternatives for that reasoning. With this formalization, given a particular set of evidence, the justified conclusions supported by warranted arguments will (...) be used by the agent’s decision rules to determine which alternatives will be selected. We also present an algorithm that implements a choice function based on our formalization. Finally, we complete our presentation by introducing formal results that relate the proposed framework with approaches of classical decision theory. (shrink)

El presente artículo aborda las relaciones entre historia e identidad tomando como punto de partida ciertos conceptos compartidos en la obra filosófica de Ibn Jaldún y Hegel. En la introducción, expongo algunas de ideas básicas que se plantean en el ámbito de la filosofía de la historia, especialmente aquellas que afectan a la cuestión del motor de la historia; a continuación, abordo la reflexión jalduniana sobre las diferentes formas de civilización y el carácter dialéctico de sus relaciones recíprocas; en tercer (...) lugar, analizo el concepto hegeliano de historia como realización del espíritu; por último, reflexiono sobre el aporte de ambos autores a la comprensión del sentido de la historia como ámbito de disputa de la identidad humana. (shrink)

Jon Elster suele considerar su primer libro Leibniz et la formation de l¿esprit capitaliste como algo profundamente vergonzoso. Aquí intentaremos hacer una relectura de él que, a partir de desnudar sus debilidades, haga lucir sus bondades, especialmente para comprender tanto el lugar clave que el libro ocupa dentro de la obra del filósofo noruego, como los elementos del sistema de Leibniz que hicieron posible las conexiones que nos presenta. Dentro de nuestro análisis tendrá un lugar especial la consideración del elemento (...) metodológico central de su texto: la analogía. (shrink)

In this article, we focus on the link between the new populisms and the crisis of neoliberal capitalism, as well as its post-democratic forms of governance, in the context of digital politics and its social effects, such as the intense polarisation of public life or the distrust of citizens towards traditional forms of politics. Brexit is a paradigmatic case that encapsulates all of these problems and prompts us to think about how philosophy can challenge the way we understand contemporary political (...) coordinates, modes of socialisation, or democratic action. The weakness of our deliberative democracies and the undermining of the bonds, interaction, and decision-making within our civil society seem to have found a compensatory function in the digital world. By carrying out a philosophical-political and film analysis of Brexit: The Uncivil War ; we would like to focus specifically on how digital media foster the conditions for the success of a populist moment like Brexit. (shrink)

Este trabajo se encuadra dentro de una nueva visión de la lógica de Leibniz, la cual pretende mostrar que sus escritos fueron ricos no solamente en proyectos ambiciosos sino también en desarrollos lógico-matematicos concretos. Se demuestra que su “Caracteristica Numerica” que asigna pares de números a las proposiciones categóricas es una semántiea para la cual la silogística aristotélica es correcta y completa, y que el sistema algebraico presentado en Fundamentos de un Cálculo Lógico es una lógica algebraica similar a la (...) de Boole.This work is a contribution to a new view of Leibniz’s logic, pretending to show that his writings were not only rich in projects, but also in concrete logico-mathematical developments. We prove that his “Numerical Characteristic” assigning pairs of numbers to terms of categorical propositions, is a complete and correct semantics for aristotelian syllogistic, and the algebraic system presented in Fundamentals of Logical Calculus is essentially a complete version of boolean algebraic logic. (shrink)

Este artículo se propone evaluar las lecturas que afirman que la perspectiva decolonial, en su crítica a la modernidad y al eurocentrismo, pretende aferrarse a un particularismo propio de la diferencia cultural latinoamericana con el fin de recuperar los lazos comunitarios previos a la conquista, donde se encontrarían las claves de la liberación presente. Bajo esta perspectiva la teoría decolonial rechaza toda política institucional y aspira a afianzar comunidades oprimidas que se articulan en función de ejes de opresión como la (...) raza, la cultura, el género o la clase, abandonando así toda pretensión de universalidad por considerarla el rasgo fundamental de la modernidad europea y de la dominación colonial. De aquí dichas perspectivas concluyen que el pensamiento decolonial es incompatible con las luchas populares realizadas en clave universal y republicana. Frente a estas posiciones se buscará trazar los lineamientos de una política decolonial intercultural en clave analéctica y transmoderna que superen la falsa antinomia antes expuesta. Para tal fin se destacará la potencia política del locus de enunciación de la diferencia colonial como punto de partida para un proyecto de conformación de comunidades y coaliciones que buscan hacer frente a múltiples opresiones. (shrink)

Definitions of terms that are central to a theoretical understanding of the Royal Government of Bhutan's policy of Gross National Happiness.

Explainable artificial intelligence has become a vitally important research field aiming, among other tasks, to justify predictions made by intelligent classifiers automatically learned from data. Importantly, efficiency of automated explanations may be undermined if the end user does not have sufficient domain knowledge or lacks information about the data used for training. To address the issue of effective explanation communication, we propose a novel information-seeking explanatory dialogue game following the most recent requirements to automatically generated explanations. Further, we generalise our (...) dialogue model in form of an explanatory dialogue grammar which makes it applicable to interpretable rule-based classifiers that are enhanced with the capability to provide textual explanations. Finally, we carry out an exploratory user study to validate the corresponding dialogue protocol and analyse the experimental results using insights from process mining and argument analytics. A high number of requests for alternative explanations testifies the need for ensuring diversity in the context of automated explanations. (shrink)

By a theorem of R. Kaye, J. Paris and C. Dimitracopoulos, the class of the Πn+1-sentences true in the standard model is the only consistent Πn+1-theory which extends the scheme of induction for parameter free Πn+1-formulas. Motivated by this result, we present a systematic study of extensions of bounded quantifier complexity of fragments of first-order Peano Arithmetic. Here, we improve that result and show that this property describes a general phenomenon valid for parameter free schemes. As a consequence, we obtain (...) results on the quantifier complexity, finite axiomatizability and relative strength of schemes for Δn+1-formulas. (shrink)

A well known theorem proved by J. Paris and H. Friedman states that BΣn +1 is a Πn +2-conservative extension of IΣn . In this paper, as a continuation of our previous work on collection schemes for Δn +1-formulas , we study a general version of this theorem and characterize theories T such that T + BΣn +1 is a Πn +2-conservative extension of T . We prove that this conservativeness property is equivalent to a model-theoretic property relating Πn-envelopes and (...) Πn-indicators for T . The analysis of Σn +1-collection we develop here is also applied to Σn +1-induction using Parsons' conservativeness theorem instead of Friedman-Paris' theorem.As a corollary, our work provides new model-theoretic proofs of two theorems of R. Kaye, J. Paris and C. Dimitracopoulos : BΣn +1 and IΣn +1 are Σn +3-conservative extensions of their parameter free versions, BΣ–n +1 and IΣ–n +1. (shrink)

A genome of a living organism consists of a long string of symbols over a finite alphabet carrying critical information for the organism. This includes its ability to control post natal growth, homeostasis, adaptation to changes in the surrounding environment, or to biochemically respond at the cellular level to various specific regulatory signals. In this sense, a genome represents a symbolic encoding of a highly organized system of information whose functioning may be revealed as a natural multilayer structure in terms (...) of complexity and prominence. In this paper we use the mathematical theory of symbolic extensions as a framework to shed light onto how this multilayer organization is reflected in the symbolic coding of the genome. The distribution of data in an element of a standard symbolic extension of a dynamical system has a specific form: the symbolic sequence is divided into several subsequences (which we call layers) encoding the dynamics on various “scales”. We propose that a similar structure resides within the genomes, building our analogy on some of the most recent findings in the field of regulation of genomic DNA functioning. (shrink)

This edition of Giovanni Pico della Mirandola’s “De ente et uno” (“On being and the one”) offers for the first time a key text for the reformation of metaphysics in Renaissance philosophy in German translation. The Latin text is added. The detailed introduction and careful commentary reveal the guiding points Pico has set with this work.

As the only full-length treatment in English of spatiality in Martin Heidegger's work, this book makes an important contribution to Heidegger studies as well as to research on the history of philosophy.

Analizamos el discurso rectoral de Heidegger con el objetivo de comprender el sentido del término "nación alemana" en él. Sostenemos que el tratamiento que allí hace Heidegger de esta cuestión está profundamente relacionado con su lectura de la obra de Ernst Jünger, El Trabajador. Heidegger acepta en líneas generales el diagnóstico de Jünger sobre el mundo moderno, pero se diferencia de él precisamente en el sentido que atribuye a la nación alemana en esa situación. Analizamos el significado de la "misión (...) espiritual" que Heidegger atribuye a la nación alemana como fuerza capaz de contener el despliegue nihilista de la voluntad de poder a través de la técnica. Queremos demostrar que esa atribución intenta otorgar un nuevo significado a la nación en el horizonte histórico transformado por la "muerte de Dios" anunciada por Nietzsche y que explica el sentido de la posición política de Heidegger en 1933 y en los años inmediatamente posteriores. (shrink)

Las pretensiones de dominio universal manifestadas por los monarcas helenísticos han sido revaluadas en los últimos años y, lejos de ser simples enunciados propagandísticos, se presentan como una característica fundamental y necesaria de la realeza helenística. Se exploran aquí algunos de los paradigmas de monarquía que contribuyeron a la conformación de la idea del universalismo real, centrándonos, por un lado, en la influencia de los modelos proximorientales, y por el otro, en la recepción de la figura de Alejandro Magno. (...) Se propone que es a partir de estos modelos que este “anhelo del todo” adquirió su contenido y su modulación. (shrink)

This essay invites the reader to engage in a path towards understanding philosophy in terms of “world philosophies” rather than mapping out thought to the already operative westernizing conceptions of what “philosophy” is. The question of “world philosophies” is taken up through the way that Latin American thought is situated inbetween lineages and traditions. The essay focuses on the transformative encounter between Heidegger’s thought during the period of Being and Time and the Argentine thinker Rodolfo Kusch. In contrast to Heidegger, (...) Kusch finds a distinct path of thinking grounded in Latin American Indigenous thought, a thinking that remains to date in the pre-reflexive living of the popular classes in Latin America. Ultimately, the task of world philosophies arises from the concrete situation of the thought being developed, an attentiveness required that is found in aesthetic sensibilities rather than in reflexive rational thought alone or rationalist pragmatic subjectivism. (shrink)

This volume presents new research in social ontology by focusing on questions related to the characteristics, categories, and conceptual methodologies surrounding social identities, in general, and specific social identities, in particular. The volume contains eight original essays, plus a foreword written by Linda Martín Alcoff, that engage with issues pertaining to a broad range of identities, including class, sexuality, gender, race, ethnicity, and religious identity. This collection is an _abrebocas_, an entry way to theorizing about social identities in novel (...) ways, and the essays collected here point to specific modes of understanding and experiencing social identities that have not been given their due or that offer new approaches to well-worn topics. -/- New Perspectives on the Ontology of Social Identities will appeal to scholars and advanced students across several philosophical disciplines, such as philosophy of race, feminist philosophy, social and political philosophy, phenomenology, epistemology, and social ontology. Scholars in disciplines like psychology, religious studies, and other social sciences will also find new approaches to questions of social identity relevant to understanding the complexity of the social world. -/- TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword, by Linda Martín Alcoff Introduction: Identities Unfolding in the Social World, by Alejandro Arango and Adam Burgos Section 1: Experiences of Social Identities 1. Social Identities in the Modern Society of the Spectacle, by Casey Rentmeester 2. Exhaustion, Scars, and Inheritance: An Embodied Approach to Social Class, by Emerson Bodde 3. Vulnerability as a driver for social identities, by Fabio Macioce Section 2: Horizons of Social Identities 4. Everything I Could Have Been: Epistemic-Existential Injustice, by Saray Ayala-Lopez 5. Against Designations of Bravery: Towards a New Feminist Vocabulary, by Mridula Sharma 6. Becoming non-Jewish, by David Friedell Section 3: Some Frameworks of Social Identities 7. John Dewey’s Pragmatist Social Ontology of Identity, by Johnathan Flowers 8. Social Identification as Representation, Construction, or Subjective Experience: Ontological Frictions in Psychology and Lessons from Social Ontology, by Ana Đorđević. (shrink)

The article deals with the constitution of a «historical people» in the conference munity that underlie to the interpretations of works of art in the conference are examined, pointing out the relationship of both with two types of different communities. In turn, they also constituted the images of ideal community of nacionalsocialism in power. This coincidence shows a deep agreement of Heidegger with governing nacionalsocialism different from a mere adhesion to the party. In this way, it is shown the parallel (...) of the question about the «new beginning» looked for by Heidegger starting from the Kehre and his political commitment for those years. (shrink)

RESUMEN Se analiza la relación entre la escritura y la presencia en la obra de Maurice Blanchot, se delimita el fundamento textual de la presencia en el orden de la literatura y se toman como referentes teóricos los conceptos de "espacio literario" y "pensamiento del afuera" de Michel Foucault. Si bien el propósito de examinar dicha relación es deconstruir el vínculo entre presencia y lenguaje, Blanchot conduce a considerar esa continuidad en términos de una presencia nunca completa ni devenida que (...) se conserva como una discontinuidad, una promesa y una ausencia que deben preservarse. ABSTRACT The article analyzes the relation between writing and presence in the work of Maurice Blanchot and defines the textual grounds of presence in the order of literature, using Michel Foucault's concepts of "literary space" and the "thought of the outside" as theoretical referents. While the objective of examining that relation is to deconstruct the link between presence and language, Blanchot leads us to consider that continuity in terms of a never complete or fulfilled presence that remains as discontinuity, as promise and absence that must be preserved. (shrink)

After the criticism that Martin Heide-gger made of Western metaphysics some authors like Gilson or Fabro, among others, wanted to enter into confrontation giving them the oppor-tunity to study in depth most important theses of authors like Thomas Aquinas and his esse philo-sophy. Gilson’s theses had an important impact on the world of Thomism, but Lawrence Dewan, also a Thomist, wanted to defend against Gilson the traditional interpretation of Cayetano and Capreolo, which until now had been regarded as the most (...) celebrated commentators of Thomas. This article investigates a specific point of this confrontation: the causation of esse. El legado de Martin Heidegger con su crítica a la metafísica occidental ha suscitado numerosos estudios en torno a la perenne cuestión acerca del ser, la metafísica y el fundamento mismo de la filosofía. Étienne Gilson, entre otros autores, fue un medievalista que tomó el pulso al pensador alemán para demostrar que Tomás de Aquino no esencializó el ser, como aquél pretendía. Sin embargo, junto con el Francés, en torno a la filosofía del ser tomista surgieron otros estudiosos que quisieron confrontar el tomismo gilsoniano con lo que entendían era un modo más adecuado de entender el verdadero tomismo. Uno de los puntos más interesantes sobre esta confrontación es, sin duda, el papel del esse tomista en la comprensión de la causalidad, entrando aquí en juego, a posteriori, interesantes cuestión en torno a la relación entre el pensamiento tomista y el aristotélico. (shrink)

Resumen: Este artículo constituye una detallada exploración de la profunda transformación experimentada por el concepto de “historia” a la luz del salto intentado por Martin Heidegger desde la metafísica hacia el ámbito del pensamiento (del Ser). En un primer momento, la exposición sigue de cerca la lógica interna del pensar metafísico para demostrar luego con ello el carácter necesariamente metafísico de sus dos maneras de “procesar” la historia: la filosofía de la historia y la historiografía. Desde ahí, el artículo avanza (...) hacia un modo radicalmente nuevo de entender la naturaleza de la historia: aquello que Heidegger llama “el otro inicio”.Palabras clave: historia del ser; historiografía; filosofía de la historia; metafísica; ‘el otro inicio’. (shrink)

Martin Heidegger replanteó la tradicional pregunta “¿qué es el hombre?” a partir de una clave ontológica, es decir, situando la pregunta por el ser en el centro de la problemática filosófica. Se estudiarán, en concreto, las respuestas a esta cuestión realizadas, por un lado, en Ser y tiempo y, por otro lado, en el escrito Meditación (redactado entre 1938/1939). En conjunto, se tratarán de mostrar algunas de las aportaciones relevantes de Heidegger de cara a una redefinición de los seres humanos (...) que está en ciernes en la fase final de la moderni-dad. (shrink)